Giáo trình Máy cắt kim loại

                         !"# $ % &' 

pdf169 trang | Chia sẻ: Tài Huệ | Ngày: 20/02/2024 | Lượt xem: 91 | Lượt tải: 0download
Tóm tắt tài liệu Giáo trình Máy cắt kim loại, để xem tài liệu hoàn chỉnh bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
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`L'H2 )( )F V'Y- 0 ), (F V'Z )@ ,T=P/.T 2)@ @9"4 '. V'9"?' &2 )E )Y& -  6   5 #'O@@.@@2 )G )># )G ))< U4 & O@@ (N (Y& -  6   5 #'%@ ( (>6 M'\ ( (< U4 $ ( (Q6T4 ( (Q60(( Y& : (G >#a/ 01 a"+  (G ># (G F/ 01 (G )*+ (G Y& : 1#',,) ,N >6 M'\$ ,N < U4 & : 1,,) , bY& c ,) >#a/ 01  !"+  ,) ># ,) F/ 01 ,) )*+ ,) Z '? dc ,) )Y& c %I@ ,( )>6 M'\ ,( )< U4 ,@ bY& 1 ,E bY& e- / -,G >#a/ 01 ,G *+  ,I *+ -3 0 $"/ ,I *+ - 6f'- / -,I bY& = ;4  !;4 @N >#@N *+  @ Y& = ;4 @ Y&  ;4   '0@ Y&  ;4   '0J"3  @ Y&  ;4   '1 @ Y& ;4 @ ! " #$ F/ 01  !"+  @, F/ 01 @, *+  @, Y : g,N@E >6 M'\@E < U4 @E Q6T4 @E Q60@G Y f A,@ @I >6 M'\@I < U4 EN Q6T4 EN Q60EN % &" '! F/ 01 a"+  E) F/ 01 E) *+  E) Y0  @Ng E) >6 M'\E) < U4 E, Q6T4 E, Q60E, $ (" ' F/ 01  !"+  EG F/ 01 EG *+  EG Y"   5 EG Y"   5   EG F=4"\ 6 $"  EI F V'>=&.hV' 'R -i 6-2EI )Y"  #'@]G G Y":    5 G) F/ 01  !># G) Y": #'@]Π G( )Y"  G@ f'"+ 4   5 GE F: 5 GE *+  GE )f'"+ 4   5 hj GE )FV'f'"+ 4hj.3 ,E2 GE )* """+ 4 GG ))<01 f'4k 7 I bY"'? 0X I) Y"- 6 I) Y"J"3 I( #  )*+, -# Y=! I@ Y=!  I@ ># !=4"\ 6 I@ Y=!  E)@ NN Y=!  N Y78 N) F V''6L' N( Y78#'E()N( >6 M'\ N( < U4 78E()N@ Y'T NE F/ 01  !"+  NE Y'T: NE )Y'T  NG ' . F/ 01  !"+ !  F'# 4  =H $!  Y!B  !) F'# 4 $) Y!B  !), ( bY!B  , >#, F'# 4  =H $!B  , bY! /+./ +2 @ >#@ Z '? d! /+ @ )Y! /+#')GNE bY!"D G >#G *+ !"D I Y!"D 16  l  I Y!"D 16 D : I bY!'? 0X N Y!/ N Y!T 9  )Y!-   (Y!  ,Y!0 @Y!  ) EY!?' (  " /012 # * "" / = 5 @ * ""J"3 @ * ""=3  E *+  / = 5 G *+ -/ 01 G *+ -0  / G )*+ ->#= 5 G Y / = 5 1G Z '? d! &$ G YJ"3 G Y=3  I Y"5 5 )N ># )N * "" / 5 ? 5 5 ) )Y"5 5 #',))E )Y785 (N )* "" / 5 ? 785 (N )Y785 #',(( bY / = 5 / (E Y / = 5 / 5 D (E * ""J"3  (E * ""=3  (E Y / = 5 / 5  ,N bY /  = 5 ,N 5 J"5 , F!5 , )Y!  5 , (Y!5 ,) (* ""!J"3  ,) (* ""!=3  ,) bF / = 5  ,( Y"- ,@ Y - ,E )Y- T ,G )Y - ,G )Y/'/ ,G (Y!- ,I              34*) 4  / 56  # F & !L'3 "# @ % & =H @  '# mL'3  '# @  '# T.Z'-F nZF2 @ )O/  3 8.^-- o 2 @ (O/  /  &.O-   o 2 @ ,Y/ 1 '# - 3 T.YpFZF2@ @q'# =H $YpFZF@) r'3 "# a3 4& $ ! / 1 !/  & /  '# - 3 T @) r'3 "# @) O3 4&  @( F0  '# T@(  '# #@(  '#   D @, ) '# =? 0 'K 6  !"'K . '2 @, F: 5  !V'$& '# T @@ Z '?  \ ! $/ 1 '# T@@ F 3  / K @E A4  '# @G )F 3  6'? 01  ! [ 0[&' 'R  @G CB '/ 6 &' & '# T @I )F/   '# EN ) '# EN )A#'/  L'6 &'EN (F&T T !kT EN (]&\""+ EN (]& "+ E ()F&T  E ((]&T d;Tp[ "+ E) ,<d/  .d0[&'2  '# T E@ , '# 8 E@ ,A4 c 3 EE ,)F16  &'R  EE ,(A4 4'EG ,,]& '# ZF !FZF EI b '# FZF EI FV's$& '# FZF EI A'/    GN F0'"f : ?''t GN FV'"f : $& '# FZFGN F1 d.Y"-pµ*2GN Y 6  G b&T 0[&' !V's$ 3 ! &?  FZF G) F 3 ! & H& '# T G) F0[&'f  " G) FV's$4 3 GE ]4 $4& '# T I  '#  \ ! 4& '# T I F0[&'&'R I( )F"f =X&I, (O? FZF I, ,F0  \ ! $&T  '# FZF I, @<d/  /  &p '# =l  3 k cIE    6-- >#$ '# - 3 T II >#01 II >#KV' ...! Y Y       ) O/  i& -  6  01 '# 4 3  ":"+f h+''   #H=H;"T9"'# 4  [0 !"/`4 'U ' 4 Z[ +''    !"HH =HST' 4 {"/L'94 B a30"H K 9 49 s =l =c- "%+''   ! [ = 5  'R  !  'R <a'# 4 3 ":"!r !Oa3 N             ]3 N{< UKV'4 8$& -  6   2Q63 z 9" Q6  3  z  9" = U 76  3  `   H  ` ": "a3  >  76 3  ! !  " -  6 <  U K V' 4  8 i  " -  6a / H '# 4 3 ":"r !O  4  :!rL'9 4 B a3=!  0"   K  9 4 9  =l  =c -  *FB '# 4  3   H r  4  !'# 4 L'B $0 Z \a'# 4 L'r !'# 4  K O'# 4 4 \" c'# 4 L'rA'# 4  ! "f  !04   &  ! '# */'# 4 L'rL' "T9" c'#  4  K OL'C"'# 4 L'B rL'  %ZJ (H*+ O a !76;& '# 4 3 aB  h76"+ 4F: 5 $76 !!3 ! = > T  'a "+ =T ' '? = >$K / a: h/   ! '# 4 3  F " O16  A! 0 b < O r FK /  ]3 {< UKV'4 8$ "-  6 *r O r b b < Y       ( b6 01{   /  =  5  =l  0 "/0' ?  "   5 a'7 4k 5 f "Hk 5 K"-#3  ! 45 $= 5 3s "HL'K / ."/2 4 h #h#7JT ? & ['# 4 "+ 4 !'# 4  3 a7J4 !'# 4 "+ 4  H  '{               ]3 {< U76"+ 4 F'# 4 L'b!'# 4 / ? 1a/ "H!'#  4 3 a+6 !'# 4 "+ 4F'# 4 "+ 4h# ;& =l 3 p>=l 4  & 3 p=Fsdh  9""HsTk Z[ '# 4 "+ 4? ! [ '# 4 "+ 4  H    'B| [ '# 4 "+ 4":"a _0$ 0 " 5 a "+  =T ?    7  T% c  a 0 ! 5  '#  4 "+ 4":"!'# 4  7 T O/  Rh4 h"+ 4a  x hf   ' h'# 4 "+ 4b601{#h #c  0" 5   'f' Tac  f "Hh h"+ 4{4 h0X #"+ 4 -T5 "+ =T? 05 .'# 4 "+ 4!'# 4 7 2a h :  0X  "+  4  T f'T .'#  4  "+  4 ! '#  4  B '# 4 D 2 OP 9"  '#  4  "+  4 ! '#  4   3  h V  ' "  "1'4 !>6 $'# 4  `  %!ZJ  " #3 ! 4T= > / a? 4Tf h 76' 4 P 9"#=X`4T'# 4 ' K +'V" !   V' P 9" '# 4 0X  V !   V'  Q6 ' 4 ;& P 9"'K 4  8!76  O/   '# 4   90X     9"f  '  K +'V"! 4'# 4 "1h'„.?=c2a/  b b O16  A49" F FT   j"+ 4 b b m*+ 4=l  =m*+ 4=l 4  &  Y       , f  ` '# 4 $+'V"! Fh  0X 76  #;& 4'# 4 /  '  UKV'4 80X 76 a1 \  'U '  4 ` V' 'R Q !‡F V' .b<2;&  &P 9" '# 4  !! 4'# 4 k9=X`'# K    ]3 ){< UKV'4 80X 76  .& c 0X 76 2 %$  )*+ F"   #;&  & 1 / a:!3 ! = >f K?  = >K / af h [ '# 4  T [0 !"/-4L''\ V 9 8!'# 4 3  :  >/  &a'# 4 3 h0  =H ah!{ 2F'# 4 6 .'# 4 2{!'# 4  \ T #;& L'3 O =V„" "" !a'# 4 6   ' h \  T c  V F'#  4  6  h # ! '#  4  B   '# 4 D ad&'!b =2F'# 4 0{!'# 4 H=HL'3 9; & ? 1ad&'!< FH'# 4 {'# 4 6  !'# 4 0 'h #00"/;&  !H 'h#!'# 4 ? 1> '#  4     ] '#  4  ! 8 ! '#  4    =H  $ Z ! ? B h'# 4 "1a/   ;K" !L'3  '# 4 "+ 4aK 0aX0   b3'# 4 6 $h#!'# 4  B  '#  4  D a ?      x  h # "+  !   h 6 { pZh : V U [  h '#  4  6  ! '#  4  B  & a a"   p Zh :  U [  h '#  4  6  ! '#  4  D  =!a78a'T   F */b < Q ‡ b< A! 0 Y       @           ]3 ({F'# 4 6  !'# 4 0  ]3 (p !  0  '#  4  $  &  + "/ ; &  '# 4 6 .'# 4 2aB 0;& '# 4 0 ]3 (p= ! '#  4  $    + '#  4  6  ! '# 4 0 '00;&  F'# 4 $"a3 '# 4 6 00 ;& a B '# 4 00=!  "/;&  ]3 (p0!'# 4 $!B  !a'# 4 6 0 !;& '# 4  B a'# 4 0 U'# 4 L' B  !'# 4  K $=!  "/ =!  a3 (p-'# 4 6 00;& !'#  4 D p a'# 4 0!'# 4  K   /  ? 1$=!  "/ F'# 4  6  !'# 4  0 $   9 =#'=l  \ T !9 0.B  8!9 K 02T c [  '4 h : Va : ! [  h '#  4  6 !'# 4  B a \ T. \ T'# 4 6 2!{ bn 3 10 .. nDΠ .m"s2 !9 0{<n tn L . .m B 2 O h{ Cp 6 $"/ 6 $0.2 -<T B L'$16 . B m"s2 p40! '# 4 $0.2 -O   f K# / K."s2 O: '? $ \ ThB 0X .m +2 !$9 0 B 0X .m"s2 b < b < b < m =m m     b b < 0m < b -m Y       E T c [ i h:a3 \ T!{bn t L .10 3 .m"s2 ! 9 0{<n tn B . .m]O%2 +{p40! '# 4 $0.2   ApF '4 $= > /    p<T! 3 J" "s.]O%m"s2 %#[ \ )*+ %'#  & / 4K ! Ka/ T   76 '  4  ‚  P4 "f  > !  =4 C ha  z h' 4 f h4 V' 'R   'R # 4 $a 5 =H !7 / T$  V' 'R F /  T ! ‚0W K  [  9  Pf  Ki +''TX $76' 4 9 P? +''TX 9 8!9 04 6   Y'T  7    /  T  ' R a c K "H 5  : ! 76 ' 4 #\"" 3 ' 4 O`" 3 ' 4 3 L'  & [  /  T $   V'  ' R  9 8 ! /  :  ' R F/ : 'R  !"1'4 !9 04 6   !& TT $76' 4  C; !/ : 'R #7  [ T=K$/  T 'R a 'h K !  'R O: ! 'R  [ +' =K P$ V' 'R a'h!u">"/ !0# /  4 K !W'a# & KW' K's ?'f'‚ ! &=3   2 'R 76T4.76 \ T2 Y'T P \ T$'# 4  B b"X9" cK  / as "H 'R 76 \ Tai+{ p%+'f'a+''TX !14   !16  "/… p9 04 6  { ˆ m"‰$4  & "H6:  c "ˆ m"‰$"/ p* 3 ' 4 {  n ". h   p!ST' $ 4"T4. V' 'R 2 pF/ : 'R { ¬ = cD ph V n n i /  O? h 6 kR0W 01 i4"T4as h # 'R  a:! 'R 9 04 k96 c =2 'R 76-  6? &  Y       G p%+'f'a+''TX $76!{16  "/ !=! 7-0  0 p9 04  6   {4 B L' 16  "/K =!  0 K 949 s =l 4=c- *ˆ‰$-  6f   /  p* 3 ' 4 { B 7n*  O h{p!ST' $ V' 'R .= 5 K2 F/ : 'R { X P S t t i =     7p!=c- $ 6-     "p!=c- f   +a 7a * ! [  Tk=Kas  Rf 7   ! ' R = 5 K %'71*+ F"    AV „4   ! x  ' h [    V' \  5  9 `=?  !' =4"\  : 0c0 '# 4  O\"9" [  V' ! 8!&T ' 4 $ %'9H 1*+ 2O' 4  \" ' { !  ' 4 9 ;&  `4 1 ' 6 044  L' !0X ' ' 4 hK  .' 4  !R0X i"+ 7i  6x2 Z9#{ pFH"+ 7i  ` ! &4  | a pCX   '' !"+ 7i /  a pg ! 4 J =2 O'  4  "+  h{    =H  x  T   '  4  \" ' aR!0X   '1$4 Yz1044  & ?   '# aR' '# 4 4 h q' #{ % 4 4    |  3 R h 4 h `   4  2O' 4 ? ~{ j!z044  ? ;&  ' 4 OVH'# 4 ? h#04  '4   ;&  .&  hh c((4  2 ' 4  !9  01 4 k "+ 7i  6&  Z !"+ ?   B 0; !" "" 'R  \  T$a!"+ ! { O' 4 "+ V"{! ' 4 R;& 9TV" \  T 4"  V  Y       I O' 4  /V"{!' 4 h#;& 9TV" \  T 4" k.7-! &'  KK‚ #'v ' 4  !2 %'7] 41 O &T  ' 4 $  0X 4T  V'' 4  {' a76a= 5 a 6 /\ bc [  V' !a1;&  [ T B L' V O 8T B L'$ 1=4  ! a T B L'$ 1$4  ! a S T ' 9d &'! ! 1 2 n n i = .OST' !ST [T B L'$1=4  !T B L'1$4 2]>h#6 =l ST6c$ V' [1$4  !1=4 a'„- V'' 4 0X   a { ŠOST' $' ./ 6 K & 9 92{ 2 1 d d i =   O h{0p 6 "'$1$4  0p 6 "'$1=4  ŠOST' $= 5 { 2 1 Z Z i =   O h{‹p<T5 $= 5 ? 1$4  ‹p<T5 $= 5 ? 1=4  ŠOST' 4 $1 6p=  6{ Z k i =  O h{pTf'T$1 6 ‹pT5 $=  6 Fsd{ZK' 76h  ' V';& ' 4 aST'  $76' 4 =l 6ST' $` hV'? =&a j !{n)  %'!O*^*+ #=#'=T6 T$VH! "f  76'  4 a=#'    ' 4  `+'f' ? $76K  VH ! "f B a  0X 4 U 8! U4 ]3 0   K0X    U4 h # ‚0c0 "TH a  "f  c  0X d&'aL'cFd&' !L'c !93 =!-=H  '{    Y       N O?  8pd&' O?  8pd&'  ŠO1  +9 !P5 "? 1  9"? 1   _> 4"6    _> "6   5 =f'     5 =x    5 _> 4"6    5 _> "6      Š" J"= 5 ? 1  Œ"U / .L';0 c12     Œ"09     Œ"T       ŠZT1 c '   Œ%c" T:      Œ%c" Th=H#      Œ%c" Th6 ! U      Œ%c" Th5       Œ%c" T !       Š%c" Th V'  Œ%c" Th V'4"6       Œ%c" Th V'"6     Y        Œ"hT V'.-J2     Š%c" T  ŒC '    Œ"? 1.0 ' 2        Œ"4"6    Œ""6   Œ%c" T=l j     Œ%c" T '=l & `    ŠO' 4 =l 3           ŠO' 4 =l = 5  !  5       ŠO' 4 =l = 5 1   c" !.d&'' / # & 5 2       c" !$= 5 D        c" !$= 5 J        c" !$= 5 [b       ŠO' 4 =l = 5 / . 1J '2      ŠO' 4 =l 1 6 !=  6      Y         Fd&' !901 #3 !  U4 0c0  # ? >"D  K !=4"\  f  T    6 \% \f Ka=4"\ h##7 c;\>>  4.1h# ‚ #= 5 h#5 c" '2  "HH=H '?  | !0w#'a3 ,          ]3 ,{< U4 4"T4&  '''!,-. -/     T_  A1*+/ A( 2F V'0X "'/  %'T PST' Rf  '  "H>  a3 @p =2F V'0X 7 –" a3 @p= %'T PT4$"6p/ "HP'9 $=  T>=K PK0& $  K'T) Z '? d{0f'`X 0f'L'=f'80f'Tc= Ta  K' T) !='U $7 T(at" T, K          ]3 @{F V'' 4  /V" *'/  C+ m*'/  =mQ p*  Y       ) T_  A1*+(H A( 2CX "'  '=\ b601{3 EaQJ4" T4 .]O2$!  H O V ` 4  & ' '# 4 L'' 0uhST' c1 O` 1  ' L'"'==\a " U /  ?  16  O16  \ '# 4 L'- ' { 4 3 2 1 . Z Z Z Z  =2CX = 5 09 F'# 4 L'9' `1ppL' h= 5 0 9a3 G Zh :{ UT =  5 0 9=\‹a‹ !=  5 T ‹@a‹Ef 95 c" c '=l ST'  '!{ 6 1 Z Z  ! 7 2 Z Z  T'# 4  [1p                  ]3 G{< U4 4"T40X = 5 09    F ‹ ‹ ‹) ‹( ]3 E{*'  '=\ ‹ ‹ ‹( ‹) ‹,    ‹@ ‹E ‹G ‹I ‹N Y       ( Zh:{ UT=  5 0 9==\‹)a‹( !‹, !==  5 T ‹Ga‹I !‹N  f 95 c" c '=l =ST'  ' 8 3 Z Z a 9 4 Z Z  ! 10 5 Z Z  T'# 4  [1p ZK'f 9P>"= 5 5 c" [ h= 5  09i? 34TT4 B L' $1‚s @T T4 '? 1a6 - ' '{        ^8 ‹ !TV"T4$76' 4 a*   !T ST '   4 h' $T= 5 09: ah/ :6 TV" T4 76' 4 !{‹n*×*××* … ]3 EaTV"T4$1!{‹n"×"n×)n@.V"T42 * : 01 $T= 5 0990X 4 k     5 f PT4 L'3  8aU  x f  h  'T4 '#": 9/ T 8z=c /  &1# 2CX  V'= 5 Ka3 I OVa76' 4  T`4  & L'' 3  c >"= 5 K b a L'>"= 5 / !L'16  * 3 764 { mn mm b a /           ]3 I{< U4  V'= 5 K.0X  4"T42 F =  0 0 ‹ ‹ ‹) ‹G  ‹( ‹I  ‹, ‹N     ‹ ‹@   ‹ ‹E   ) Y       , Y'T PT416 PST' $>"= 5  K b a A4= 5 Kh  '= 5  '0X  4"T4 !90X   ' ;4  !'? 0X  02F V'- J b V'9#& ? 3 NahT= 5 3 ".T 9 = 5 '„'4 !KKa/  VK!,= 5  3  ‚2a4T9"T ? 1aB T3 "U / ?  1 %1L'‚'  = 5 ? 1L'a   !  1  L'# 1  L' "H s -  J # -  J i  6 ! &$ h 6aa)a(  , s ! -  J h  01   4 T T   =  5  c 1Z \a? 1Rh4  T B L' aB  ?  1  ‚ h 5T B L'  ' ]>0X  V' - # ' '# 4 K 1 :/ ? 1a   W 4 =3  .Y4a0\"a+'2 !   A*P 0 ! AM(. CX  # P  9"  '#  4  h T 4  'a!  '#  4 9 '  `   'K X 4  V'V"!  c X 4T4  'O 9"/ h V'9"! 31L' $ ‚'T4 ' !  ? 1‚=7  WF  V' ! V'# 3 0X   V'9"! .7-3 2 2O 9"  !!a ! !{O6 ST'  $]9"! =l 6 ST' ? $`   !F1#  '{ O' `1→ a= 5 ‹(: ? a -U \ T h{ 2 1 ==− I III IIII V V i  O' `1→a= 5 ‹: ? ax "+ 6- U \ Th{ 2 1 ==− II III IIIII V V i         O- J  ) ( , ]3 N{F V'- J Y       @                                                   ]3 {F V'9"!  =2O 9"  !!a ! !{O ; ?  6 ST' ]9"! { O' `1→{ 1 1 ==− I II III V V i  c" T1 !.‹,n‹@2 O' `1→a= 5 : ? ah{ 1 2 ==− III II IIIII V V i  2O 9"  !!a ! !{O ; ?  6 ST' ]9"! { O' `1→{ 1 2 ==− III I IIII V V i  .‹,2: ?  O' `1→a= 5 c" T1ah{ 1 1 ==− II I III V V i  Fsd{ %P 9"'# 4  ! V'V"! "Hsdc 'L' $` ! "f '# 4 a/  # 'R 76R6 ?  ‚`  ' L' … %d&'$ V'P 9"0X   UKV'4 8  '{      ! A*8  O  >" V'H ' 6 '{ ]O  ]O  eb! ‹ ‹ g  ‹) ‹( ‹, ‹@   C ]0U \ T 9" →N!+5  b b N Y       E                      ]3 {F V'H ' F V'H ' [1D  h.3 p2Rf  9".Y2  "H> ‚h 'L' '= 5 i1.2 F V'H ' [1  .3 p=2Rf  T=  5 09=\‚h ' `1 1 !1‚h  'L' '{ 3 2 Z Z > 4 0 0 1 . Z Z Z Z   H`  % &'   F i3 ! = > / ?  )O3 =!" ""3 01 ?  (O?  0X 76'# 4 3  ! ]k3 =!76'# 4 3 h ,O3 =!'# 4 $ @O3 =!V'a '? d! &$4T V'' 0W #  3 0X ?             ‹ ‹ Y ‹)   m   ‹ ‹ ‹) ‹( ‹N =m Y       G ! "0 1 '2   1  Y& !90X 4 k V# /  K0 B 7a 4T 9"B #0X  / K  3  Y &  KH (N p ,NŽ    "+ 7i   6ahV  '$  !6c '.`&  |#=! K  &  > ! V 2 Y& 93 ! f'? aU  x ! 9 " #  h 4 6  7 a 5  'V  c &  01  & T   ' # - T /&5 Y& 0X # / Kh= >B 7{>1a>  3 a> h a-  6a / za7J >f'a:a O? & h# / 9= >/ B 7{3   '  a-6"aa=l 01 U  Z !B h# aJa0 ! / - ? &   ]3 ){F0  / ? O&  ]3 )pa...= 5 3 / "00X # ' '# 4  B  [1/   ' A 5 /  0X 5 D a5 7 ah 6 `, K NNNa/'`N)K NO`= 5 % - =- !h ' 5 / PaB = 5 / 5 D >5 7   'h ' 5  H - '0!c R / b33 0  5  - '0!/ P  a ? 0 5 "+ =T? >/ !4= > 3 8":" 0 5 $= 5 1b3K/ "HVH " "" / = 5 1 'h#0X  / = 5 /  " /012 /12, # / = / 5 D   0X " "" / { J"3  !=3  9(( U(I bc" ""J"3 ah#0X 004 -W'J"3 a 3 E>0X 0"j3 N(=#5 = /  ]3 N({< U / = 5 / =l " ""J"3  ]3 N(a !" "" -W'aR0X # / = /  5  D h6 c c b3 5 'V V V" ? " "" !V 6 0X  ]3 N(=a !" "" /  c0"j 3 ZhR 0X # / /* "" !h46 7 / V"a ?  h / 90X 4 k 9((0"I * ""=3 !" ""90X 4 k# / =  5 / =l  '# 4 5 c"$4= 5  c=  5 0u."D 2 Y     (G  ]3 N,{Z '? d3 ! = 5 0u ZK'  =  /  T a 5  /  9 ? j"D  T  -3  N,pa !R / !+•$j"D a3 K'? = / Th5  h ‚3 ! 5  : ? j"D Tj"D Ts ! 8! = 5 0u.;V! 5  B 2O L'3 '# 4   T [Ka K'= 5 0u [ B_a0‚ ‚ /   3 0 $4K5 $= 5  /  ZK= 5 0u!= 5 i 9 a hh>/ 5 ! 4>"D a :>/ h hR  !αnGNNa3 N,=Zh c = 5 / /  !>/ 5 h hR α‘GNNa3  N, # = 5 0u.!z5 $ hh  B$4  02 h $ k  9 c  + z 5  #  ! "/a     =  5  0u h4 >  5 Z  "H ! & 1 $ V H  5 ]3 N@a c&';3 ! = / 5 D  c= 0uRh 5  ZK'> 0T !Th_! !=! 0  $4= 5 0ua'h"/5 ? = 5 0u- 'x?  ! _  a = ;& '# 4 c  + 08 -> /  $ "/a 3 _  ?  =  5  0u ‚ 3  !  5  ? "/{ _ 3  !  k  5  T ( ! _  = 3 ! k 5 T)ZK5  f'? $"/k / 7  <' h     "/ L' 9 'U U#i  6 = f' c4 h  :  c4 =c5 a !>"'3'# 4   T [0 !"/ ? s h_‚3 ! 4k 5  c ?  "/ ! _  = ‚ ! K" ]3 N@{< U3 ! = 5  / a5 D  Y     (I 7s ck 5 T(k93 ! %KL'H$'3 !! /  7 5 :? "/r'3 3 ! 5 !;>"' 3?  O VH'3 'h{'# 4 6 b$0a'# 4  =3 bab 0 !"/a'# 4 =3 H '# "/ !0  6= f'a'# 4 "+ 4$"/ !'T! 3  H '#"/L'L'45  b3_ != :  c4k 5 a:0T !0T    5  $ =  0ua ? z f  5  c" 'a h R 3  !  94 5  i ?  "/ZK' =  0u L' L'4 h V  a s  / B 5 c" c ' [Y'T  / 45 K"-a"/ !=  0u"HL'i  6= f' YTL' & '# 4 =3 bab97 ?  iT 5 ‹*$= 5 f  /  !T5 ‹0$= 5 0ua3 N,= ZK' >e0 != 6  $=  5 0u ! h=l  '0!   >/ 5 $"/ah# K{ 2 d d mz R =  ! ϕϕ sin2sin fd mzR L == .ϕ p  hR $"/2 ϕsin22 fd d mzmz LR =→= Ch{ ϕsin f d z z =  ZKT5 ‹0$= 0u"1'4 !T5 ‹* ! hR ϕ$ "/<T5 $= 0uB h#7  cTL' &O-3  N,ah{ 2 2 2 1 rrLRd +==   Z =K{ 2 ; 2 2 2 1 1 mz r mz r == Z?  2 2 2 1 zzzd +=  +{‹ !‹!T5 $= 5 f 5 c" c= 0u ZK'0X = 0u c hR αnGNN? 3 N,=a30"H9 -c  + 5 $"/Z  h+ 5 γ$"/'/  PT5 ‹*P.'X  /' 2a ?    9 $ 0 "HPaP"/hT 5  ' 'h0W K K V'  ": " # K V'  9  H  a? ;K   = 5 0u=l = 5  f 0uah hR $>/  5  ! α–nGNN p γa  h  { h>/ $= 5  f  ]3 NE{b6 T ["/ ! = 5  f 0u Y     ,N 0u/ "H!INN!!{α–nINNpγ3 NE %0X = 5  f 0ua'# 4 $0h" D  h c 1$=  5  f 0uaKV'$=! 0 ‚  H  !:  [    O    9" !a > =?  $ 5  =  5  f  0u f  "H !   h= 6 '/ Pa  0 K/ #K 9Ch  0X 0h>=? !"D CX 0 !‚K  T=? 0 5 `  !"f  3 OT !/  # A 6 $= 5  f 0uh#6 {e–0nγ  b!0h{ ϕ γ sin cos. ' f d z z =  * ""0X 0=!;& '# 4 p / U =4 #  =  /  5  D  h ? a 9 8 ! "  ""  5  - '? d^- Z !" ""=!a  B 0X j"#  5  D  ? =  / a \  T  $" "" ! h # V   a ?  5 'V " ""=!`p(f  " /012 /12  A 5 / 5  h4T'# = 5 / 5 D  !'# 4 ?a/ U aKV'>‚a0h'9H8 c   X 6c A  5  /  5    9   7'V ` 5 EGG    "t $ š-ƒ-a  K  5IN,aK / = 5 /  f' ? c7'V& i# k*O L'3 "# a  ' '? d ! & '9 7'V !?  ih  kK  '  / = 5 / 5   'a c '?  d /   ' <; ' =H  [= 5 / 5 D  != 5 / 5   !0 5 - '0!{D  ! Cha  '? d /  [R 'i" ""0 5 - '0!F ?  '? d / = 5 / 5  h"f {  pZ '? d3 +  T  i= 5 / D {  '# 4 5 c" [>"= 5 /  != 5  f 0u  pZ '? d0 5 - '0!a:!" ""0  5 - '0!$=  f 0ua#5 c" c"/ !5  ?  "/ 60 >  : 4 O  ! K& a= 5 "H! & c \ T aH8 c a' 4 ?aCh= 5 f Hk ?'f' 46 73 0  !6ca 4  = > / FV9  = >$= 5  / ?  / 5 9 \"i Y     , "f  c /  H=H 9 ?' f' ? a 3  L' & '& C h = 5 f "HL' / f 'T?  /  = 5  F" "" /  = 5  0X !{   p5 J"5    pF!5    pY!  5    pY!5    pY!/ 5  ] "  "" f' R 0X  #  /  [  =  5   & '& aB " ""'0X # /  [ =  5  & '& >k &'& U B2U(12 5 J"5  !" ""0X # + 4  = > 5 =l  J">5 $= f  /  c>5 $= 5 W'k9 /: a3 NG A  5  9  /  T  5  c" c = 5 W'TaT) !T(9/:  ! 46 7O' 4 `4  & K  4 = W' ! =  ! !  "/ !  = X L'Z  0X K=0f'J" >T8 # ? ";*f K [=  >= 5  /  != 5 W' <'4    V a;4 H  '# / K">$5 O    # /   4K5 =l " "" !`Np +Y4=4 = W'h#0X  / `NpN 3 K Z9 # $ "  "" ! ! 4   ?  'T  '  5  /  'ZK'J0!L'3 5 J"a3 0 5 ‚=f'/ 6  7b3 \" "" !&  60X >0X h 5 'V .12 F! 5  ! "  "" 0X  # H=c49 h  ?  = > 5  =l    =  5  f   /  5  c" c0!5  !_  $ 0 ‚   4 c" "|  ` ]3 NG{< U5 J"5  ]3 NI{< U!5  C!  5  _ */ Y     , NNN,pN? = >5 $K /  C!5 !4= 5 > 5 O? = >5 h7~4 Tk c 6  |ahK0&  '/ #! _a3 NI # ! 5  D     0X  0 ! h 5  ?  ! # ! 5  ?   0X  0 ! h 5  D  ZK' H   ' 5  ?  c h ? β$0 !β$"/a 3#H=H 5  X  ' 1 $0! !1$"/f "H! 4 hδ=l {  pOP T h ? $5  /  !0!a K' '7 $ 5 0 !"/  '  p]&'T h ? $ 5  /  !0!a K' '7 $ s  T  '  pZK' / = 15 D 3 hL'$P10!=l  c h ? $5 0  pO/   hδnNpNN Y!5 f ;& '# 4  B b$0!A!   "/;& '# 4 p < !z! 3 J"<=!  "/ ;& 9 0c 6 / ? 1<a3 NI !.12 * ""!  5  ; " ""5 J"5 a:! = 5 f  / 5 c" c4>  '=   =l    h3 0  = 5 Z i" ""  5   z  9"0f' !! | ! [=    !"/b3h! ?  hh # /  [ = 5 kL' &'&  Fh" ""!  5 {  ]3 N{< U!  5   pO1$=    ! 1$"/>J '3 N+ 1= 5 g>   c1"/C ! \ ' 4 `4   '   "/F=   AaF> J c 1 "/4 hO   9" !a KK"7s [=    != >5 $"/!   a3 Np= .2 Y     ,)  pO1=    !"/>  O 9" !0X 4 =    ! KK"7s‚! D a3 N O? !  a =    ` L' B  ` ; &  0 4  D p - '   c1$"/ %.12 Y!5 !" "" /  = 5 hH 5 46  7 !4  = > Va  5 'VV" V !KV'": "a  O  ;   /  5 a! 5  h K !  -"  ""{!J"3  !!=3  %9((. U(I * "" !0X = ! 3  :  c0 5 f  / A !h #h3 0  ! =44 k 5 a3 a  /    0X j!h0 4>$k 5  3 =  ]3 {< U!5 -" ""J"3  %!a!T;& '# 4  B b !'# 4 D  p <08- '0!$5 F'# 4 0/ ? 1<h #0!;& -c 6 a  T !0"/L'4 h V  .0 B 2O 9"0 -c 6 a! 'H8 /  'a ? 4!B x /  '? = > 3  F0c 6 a3 hH8 c  / i+ 5  ? f'j!h B  i+ O 9"0 B a3 0 3H8 9"+ =T ' #      0X  x    0 4  - > J" 3  %9((.0"I * ""!=3 ! ;5 c" [= 5  !  5 + [ B 5 !4!ja   !! ja3  Y     ,( " ""!4ja ! f  |    ' 4  k  5  4 H   n Na . ! /' $ 5 2Y! 5  c 4 j  9 8 !  ! Z-a!hj9 8! !Y  #   '#  4  $ =  5  p   5 a =  5  f   /  T  ` L' L'  +$ h c \ Tba `;& 04   <- ' 9 s !>$k 5 k / 7 <'h'# 4 b !<H  '# / >=%4k 5 k9! Va!T | k a= 5 ;& '# 4 "+ 4 c &L'L'45 r' 3 !k 5 :>" % "/ ; &  '#  4 b ! <a ! T  ; &  '#  4 6 b !9 04 08< 6'!  >: 4  F"f ? k \"4 k / = 5 "P =K  VO' ?  B   '   hH 5  3 =!K {  pY / = 5 [b  pY /  5   pY / =  6>=&  pY / 1-   pF / = /  Z !aB h /   {  pY ?f'5   pY" 5   pY!/   pYK U = 5    O'„-?'f' !H 5 ah#3#'M ?  #=Kv = 5 h BL' 8  K ! !0X  #": ?'f'K= 5 " "s=K= ?'     ]3  { <  U ! 5  - " ""=3  Y     ,, F+'|{ F/ 01  !"+  / = 5  b‚3 a3 =! '? d"5 5  )Z?''# 4  =H $" """5 5  (C; ! U4 $"5 5 ,)k{  pQ+0; 76T416   pQ+0; 76'# 4 0.76"+ 4a760D  : a760c 6 a760c  12a `h9 / : 'R z76 ,b‚3 a3 =!'# 4  =H $785  @C; ! U4 $785 ,(k{  pQ+0; 76T416 $078  pQ+0; 76"+ 4 !76'# 4 0 B   pQ6'# 4 0c 6  !V'$;& 5  0 E O3  =! '?  d  /  =  5  /  5  D  =l  "  ""=3  GO3 =!" ""!5  IO3 =!" ""!  5  NO3 =!" ""!5                 Y     ,@ ! S"0 > # / - a  0X   '" ""a  ' !01 1  'O " ""ha" """P=K  V!-  ?  &  =l  0 & a  -  =l  =!  -  !  /a =!  -  0  5  9Yz4" "" 'h'a 9# ';8 "  ""69"'„'4 !6ca !46 7a4=h = >a0  - $K / Z !B "1'4 !0a !0 H 7'V !?'f' O " ""#? "- !4  [ " "" : ! f'  ! K 6 & a h!" ""h 5 'V Vah # /  - hV"6 7 !V")a0 H  7'V! >! T O  :  c "  ""  /  - a "H h   /  -  {& a"- a - a!-    Z ? :'4T / - "P=K  V'{ ("1> *- !" "" / -  T  H a  h 5  'V Fh" """ -  =H {* - 0! c0"ja "-    c0"9>0" hT *-  c0"j$K'0X # /  [ 1 60!h - 3  >3 [ \*-  c0"9> hT0X  # / - ='/ > 6?''t h '0!"f -     ' 0!0"* "" !0X H-  ! !-  C" h T B 0X i  9" K /  c a: ? af'0"L' 7' L' K /   ]3 ){< U" """-  F" """- 93 =!? 3 ) ]3 )a#& " """0X 0"jC"T h=? 0 X  c=? 0 $- a;& '# 4 6 bL' B  !'# 4 008<"/T;& 9 0 B <b Y     ,E Af' !'„ / 0">"/;& 9 0c  6 #K '-  ]3 )=a! U"- =l 0"9 hh#0X #" -  !3 = !-  3 C" !"/h#L'X  ' > 9 '3 =a0 !"/L'X  '3 a0 !"/L' 9 ' b ;Va0"5 9!4=40"j0hL'3  "9s  V  'a 3 B - ? 'T '0!f a9  _ 0  /  X 4 s <'4 B  L' $  K  / a #'T$ B - 0j0 c3  ! ‚ X  c#f'$ B - 0j0KK";& F ? a- 97 '4 B  L'$"/O? ;Ka#- 9 '+'f K"/f L'L' 4 B O'„ '4 !V' s$a'„ / K s"/ L'`aK a( B F '0!$0"f 0!  '0!- f  6 V!K )-  O1$0"f >& c1$"/4 hα.α! h +  $- 2Z  K'>  3&=? 0 - x /   ' 4  &!  c a=c -  ! 6 0"!  c >  6 "/ !  |>=& !   /  -    h h +  |a4& !/  #  1> F  -  !4   [  "  "" 9 0X  4  k V   ! K& O L'3  a4=  !4'!B =  >- 9 + a !  V"   5 'V ?   - 90X #K  '-  H 7'V! a! TF  - 9;& ?  i=K 0 $K / a01  1   5  ?   K O'„ '4 ! 01  1  a   -  h # "+  ! '…3 (       ]3 ({< U" "" -  F - =l =!  3 (a01 1!=! - T !Th  - D .0 # $-  62ah=? 0 a=c-  ! h +   :  c- f A! - ? T;& '# 4 D p  ba=! - 0cTT *6f'=! - h"f  / #K  b  )  b ) m b b < ) (=mm Y     ,G / T) ! !7 9'\ 9O L'3  a K / 5  [=! - !/ h'# 4 081OP H  [=! - ‚ 6 -  ' F - =l 1 3 (=ai+ V'!1 T !T L'X  ' ' c \ T!b !h=c-    c=c-  f a  c $- 1  !- f "H 9 ' 'F K / T)9>?  T;T(O1 TRL'B O1  T  ! '#  4  L' B  c \  T b B  ; &  '#  4  c 6 <% / a1 TK    "6K /  ! J"K !1 T#3 ! 0 - 'h1 T0`  4   #- UX   ]3 (a! U =l 1 T !' - TF'# 4  bR01 ;& FK / T)90W  !1  ! ' - r'3 - 9;& '4 B L'$KL'  1$ h  " $'  - C1 1$" "" ! V ":" ! ! 1>*"4  F- =l /h#;& ? &    5 a > ;4 '? 0X O'„- 6a16 $h#>  a D : > ? <T 16 $h # !4  ' 1 F- T$K'0X  H 7'V!  !! T !"1> Y - hV's T  c =! > : 0X  #- h 6 K )NNYh#h416 >  ' 16 a cf' 9H '=l ;H '4  =l   V'H ' 6 f'   -  H  ' =l    6 93 =!? 3 , O' 4 $f' - 90W  `4"T4K 1T%- a0c 01 $ ;0a 16 O   / 0 4  ? a h   9"   # K  0 r' 3   -  0' 3  K   / B ;0a9"h 7'T  0c !' 4 0  - ' 99;& L'ST' { . 2 1 Z Z  0 3 Z Z  4 0 Z Z 2 !"1/*/  ]3 ,{< Uf' -  H '=l  6 Y     ,I Y/'/ 0X #- T c0 H 7'V! c  !! TZ /'/ aTk9- 'f ;|/ 4 ?  1a  // H ' ? h 5 'V]3 @a c&' '? d! & ! U4 8$/'/  ]3 @{Z '? d! & ! U4 /'/ ;4  ]3 @a3 =!4f'/'/ ? 4;4 -  TO/'/ Th"f  >;0 4f'L'>=& T#;& '# 4 6 L'B b$/F"/TT) 90W  k T(`"w'V""/a !9t ! 9T,# [K/ L'O 9T@'f ;t"/ !"f f'/ $ /a !K"K "f '/ a'h  !iTE ]3 @=a ! U4 $;4 h  /'/ O / '/ T9> f'L'T04  ' K  c \ T b*/T)90W `"w'V""/T( !9 tT@ ! f'/ $/O t! &  T,L'=4' 1 6p=  6 Z K  %.1> Y!- 90X 4 k  ! K01 1a# +  46 7$- k9 / i [ F- f !  !- $/a0_ - a1 - a1 6a0"1 6   *f c  [ K ! '9 &'& a ? - 6==K 0  %!-  ;&  c" ""!93 =!?  3 E Y! c!0 ja  :  c=? 0 $4 k - 3  E%!!T;& '# 4 6 L'B ba !'#  4 0c 6 <#!K+ - a"/T;& 9  0 B <  !008<0  :  c=c -  * '4 B L' O1!f !  c1"/4 hα! h + $-  Y     @N   ]3 E{< U" ""!-  * "" !h#! c=V„0 -  ! '0!-  K !U  - h46 7V"   5 'VV" Y! c!  '-  B .> -  62a3 E=a!Th  ' B - >-  6a'# 4 f K T  ! c! jZ " "" !h#"+ !  9"'{  pY!  {% '4 A$c   '0!$- f ! H   K  ( =c -  O  9" ! 0X  #!  K  F'#  4 6 bx 0! ;& F'# 4 0c 6 < 9 'R K K '+'-  `f'a>'"/L'9 4  B O h"/ ;& '# 4 008<0n * r'3 !9;& '"/L'H { 4 3 1  B   pY!08{% '4 A$! |  '0!$- f  !a  9" !a!9 'R K '+'-  !;&  '# 4 6 b*/;& '# 4 0 B <  !0 08<0 : c=c- * * ""! c  ' B -  5 'V " "" ! cja  46 7V" a 3=? 0 - =&01 !1"/>   ' Y! c!3 / 3 ,a c hγn,÷NNO L'3 "/ ;& 9 008<0!'f ;;& 9 0c  6 <'hc!! =4=? 0 -  * "" !0X '\ 9#!K0! !46 7/  JV" Y!- 90X 4 k V!0X 0 j !0X    ' B - 0X   '-  66"P=K a 3 hB|T B L'$1 !"/"H  'aKV'76' 4 "Hh TL' &:  Y     @ F+'|{ O3 =!" """-  O3 =!" "" - =l =! -  )O3 =!" "" - =l 1  (O3 =!" ""!- 

Các file đính kèm theo tài liệu này:

  • pdfgiao_trinh_may_cat_kim_loai.pdf
Tài liệu liên quan